What is the use of fiber optical patch leads and fibre patch cables?

Optical fiber is divided into two main categories:
Single-mode Fiber (Single mode Fiber) : general optical Fiber jumper with yellow, joints and cases in blue; Transmission distance is longer than the other.
Multimode Fiber (Multi - mode Fiber) : general Fiber optic jumper with orange said, also some said with gray, joints and protection to beige or black; Transmission distance is short.